103/1 Determination of Besatz of Rye

Methods Type: Generic Methods
Key data
Number: 103/1
Analyte: Besatz
Matrix: Rye
Year of Approval: 1964
Year of Last Revision: 1972
Scope: This method is applicable to the determination of the different components of Besatz in rye used for the milling of bread flour. It is not applicable to seed rye or to rye for feeding purposes.
Principle: The principle of this method is to separate all the groups of Besatz defined under 3.2. from the normal basic grains, either by sieving or by manual selection.

Definitios

The term "Besatz" applies to all components of a rye sample which differ from the normal basic variety.

  • Classification of Besatz 

    Grain dockage 
    Broken grains 
    Shrivelled grains 
    Other grains 
    Sprouted grains 
    Insect-damaged grains 
    Frost damaged grains 

    Black dockage 
    Weed seeds (toxic; non-toxic) 
    Ergot 
    Unsound grains 
    Impurities and chaff 

    Total Besatz 
    Total Besatz is the sum of grain dockage and black dockage. 

    Animal impurities or impurities of animal origin 
    Insect fragments 
    Weevils 

    Definition of the different groups of Besatz 

    Broken grains 
    The term "broken grains" applies to all grains belonging to the basic variety, which have not been attacked, but which part of the endosperm is exposed. These include bruised grains and grains with the germ knocked out. 

    Shrivelled grains 
    The term "shrivelled grains" applies to all grains which, after removal of all other groups of Besatz from the rye sample, pass through a sieve with 1.8 mm slot-width in the case of European rye, or through a sieve with 1.7 mm slot-width for rye of other origin. Further, all the green immature grains are included in this group. 

    Other grains 
    The term "sprouted grains" applies to all grains in which the radical or plume is clearly visible to the naked eye. The general habit of the cereal sample should, however, be considered in the assessment of the proportion of sprouted grains. In many rye samples it is a characteristic of the variety that the germ emerges to a considerable extent, so that movement breaks the bran overlying the germ, giving an erroneous impression of sprouting. Such grains should not be classified as sprouted grains. Sprouted grains are only those in which distinctly visible changes, easily distinguishable from the normal state, have occurred in the germ. 

    Insect-damaged grains 
    This term covers all grains showing signs of insect attack (including those attacked by wheat blossom midges). 

    Frost-damaged grains 
    No definition of frost-damaged grains is necessary. 

    Weed seeds 
    No definition of weed seeds is necessary. 

    Ergot 
    No definition of ergot is necessary. 

    Unsound grains 
    This term covers all grains that have become unsuitable for human consumption because of rot, mould, bacterial attack, or other influences, and includes heat-damaged grains. Heat-damaged grains are fully developed grains the endosperm of which is yellowish brown to brownish black in colour on dissection. 

    Impurities and chaff 
    These terms cover all components of a rye sample which will pass through a sieve with 1 mm slot-width. Stones, mud balls, straws, chaff and similar impurities, which are found on the sieve, also belong to the impurities. 

    Weevils 
    Weevils are grain weevils, as well as other insects which damage grain.
 
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Linked Products:
103/1 Bestimmung des Besatzes bei Roggen [PDF]
103/1 Bestimmung des Besatzes bei Roggen [Print]
103/1 Determination of Besatz of Rye [PDF]
103/1 Determination of Besatz of Rye [Print]